Effects of early screen use on child neurodevelopment in Argentina and Latin America

Abstract

Currently, the constant presence of electronic devices has generated concern among health professionals and educators about their effects on children's neurocognitive development. This study addressed the relationship between early screen use and neurodevelopment in children in Argentina, with a comparative Latin American perspective. During the first years of life, the brain goes through a critical stage of development characterised by high plasticity and synaptic expansion, where sensory experiences and human interaction play a key role. In Argentina, research revealed that 80.3% of children under the age of two watched television and 37.4% used touch screens with help. Among 2-4 year olds, 38.7% used screens without assistance. A relationship was also found between the mother's educational level and the time dedicated to stimulating activities such as reading. Excessive screen use was associated with language delays, attention and executive difficulties, sleep disturbances and an increase in sedentary behaviour and obesity. The Argentine Society of Paediatrics, like the WHO and the AAP, recommended avoiding screen exposure in children under two years of age. At the Latin American level, the high penetration of electronic devices and the lack of information contributed to excessive use, even in low-resource contexts. The study concluded that it is necessary to promote active parenting practices, implement information campaigns and develop public policies that protect the integral development of children.